shenlu128 on 05月 16th, 2012

"零下1摄氏度"英文怎么读: Minus 1 degrees celsius
"零下5摄氏度"英文怎么读: Minus 5 degrees celsius
"零下10摄氏度"英文怎么读:"Minus 10 degrees celsius"

Celsius ['selsiəs]
例:Water freezes at 0 degreesCelsius. 水在摄氏零度结冰。

另译:
centigrade ['sentigreid; 'sentə.greid]
"零下1摄氏度"英文怎么读:
one degree centigrade below zero

one degree centigrade below zero(零下一摄氏度)= Minus 1 degrees celsius

其实,语言表达具有多样性及丰富性,只有能理解的话就OK了,零下1度还可以 1 degree below zero ,不过有空的话,最好冬天去哈尔滨看雪,那肯定天天听到标准的或通俗的温度表示,嘿嘿!

shenlu128 on 04月 17th, 2012

1、直接在词尾加-er ,-est如: short -shorter-shortest    2、重读闭音节单词(辅音+元音+辅音),双写结尾字母,再加-er,-est。      如: big –bigger-biggest    3、以e结尾,直接加r , -st   如: nice-nicer-nicest   4、以y结尾,y前面是辅音字母时改y为i,再加er,-est。如 ,easy-easier-easiest    5、双音和多音节词,在前面加more,most。 如 ,beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful   在前面加more/most的词还有:exciting, interesting, important, dangerous,handsome, hard-working, comfortable, boring,  slowly,  horrible, delicious, …    6、不规则变化:   good(well)-better-best ,bad ( ill ) –worse-worst,much(many)-more-most, little—less-lest,       far-farther-farthest

句子结构:比较级:am/are /is(或动词)+形容词比较级(er)+than  最高级:am/are /is(或动词)+the+形容词最高级(est)

shenlu128 on 04月 17th, 2012
“形容词,比较级,两个人物在比较。
形容词,比较级,形容词后面加er。
形容词,比较级,比较级后有个than,
am are is加形容词er ,再加than;
形容词,最高级,三个以上人物在比较。
形容词,最高级,形容词后面加est。
形容词,最高级,最高级前面有个the,
am are is加the,再加形容词est。”
看见than,比较级,形容词后加er,看见than,比较级,  多音词前加个more。看见the, 最高级,形容词后加est,看见the, 最高级,  多音词前加个most。

句子结构:比较级:am/are /is(或动词)+形容词比较级(er)+than         最高级:am/are /is(或动词)+the+形容词最高级(est)

shenlu128 on 04月 15th, 2012

author: luzhidong

Can't在句子结尾,我们通常是把t音失爆,做个口形而不发音。由于Can't的't失爆,导致n音产生了一个拐弯的变化。以前,在English English(英国英语)中/t/音发的相对清楚,而American English(美国英语)中在,一般句子中结尾的单词以/t/音结尾,后面的单词又以辅音开头,为了发t音,而又不影响句子的连贯性,一般是将舌尖轻叩齿槽,止住这个响音,然后接着发下一个。也就是通俗的说:是只作动作不't发音。事实上,因为声音是气流的震动发出的,所以当一个单词的末尾加上这个动作的时候,声音就会产生一个拐弯的变化,同时自然而然的就把单词的前面部分凸显成重音了。在句子中的can和can't,听起来体现的好像是升降调和中音的区别,可实际上我认为主要是/t/音在作祟。因为如果你想强调“能(不能)”就很难把I can help u.和I can't help u.区分了,但是把握住/t/就相对容易一些。

shenlu128 on 04月 15th, 2012

祈使句的否定式

 author    luzhidong

    "Let's go to the flower show." , "Line up,everyone!" , "Look at those lovely bluebell"  ....很多同学见都会留意到在<Module 3 ,Unit 8的>有这样的一些句子。其实这样开头都没有主语,直接以动词原形开头,带有命令、命令、建议、告诫、邀请的意图及语气的句子早在三年级上册已经出现,记得当时学习的"Raise your arms!" "Come in ,please!",这一系列的句子,就是我们常说的祈使句。正如你看到,祈使句通常省略主语you,句末用惊叹号或者句号,很多情况下结尾或开头有please,读的时候往往是用降调。课文中还有很多像这样的句子,如" Close the door,please."," Open the window,please."…等均为祈使句。那如何把这些句子变为否定句呢?

一、祈使句的否定形式通常在句子开头加上Don't。

它的句序是:Don't +动词原形~。

如           Raise your arm,please.   

否定式就是   Don't raise your arm,please.

二、祈使句的否定形式与其他句式的区别。

祈使句的否定形式通常在句子开头加上Don't。而其他句式,如含有am/are/is/have/has....这些句子的否定式通常在上述的词后面加上not。它们的否定式是aren't/isn't/haven't/hasn't...而am 的否定式是不能缩写的。

如Raise your arm,please.否定就是 :Don't raise your arm,please.

There is a pen in the bag.否定就是 :There is not a pen in the bag

三、带有please 的祈使句否定式。

带有please的祈使句,可以直接在开头加上Don't,把please置于句末,也可以把please放在句首,然后don''t....,它的否定式也可以这样做。

(1)Put the chair against the desk,please.

它的否定式就是:  Don't put the chair against the desk,please.

也可以是:        Please don''t  put the chair against the desk.

(2)A:I'm sorry. (如右图)它的否定式就是

     B: Don't be sorry.

四、表示禁止的语气时,特别是标语、告示、警示等直接用“No+名词/动名词”。 如

  No smoking!  (禁止吸烟!)

   No parking!(禁止停车!)  

No bargaining!(不准吵闹)

   No litter!(不准乱扔杂物!)

五、巩固练习:现在我来考你一下,请把下面句子的否定形式写在横线上。

1.Sit down,please.                  ___________________________________.

2.Put the chair against the desk,please.________________________________.

3.Drop  the glass,please.                 ________________________________.

4.Let him try again.                       ________________________________.

shenlu128 on 04月 15th, 2012

情态动词can ,must,may。。。  

author: luzhidong

同学们,我们从三年级上册的“May I use your ruler?”到四年级上册<Module 1 ,Unit 1>学习的“Can I help you?”及至五年级上册的<Module 3, Unit 8>的“We must/mustn’t”…,这一些列的句子里分别含有“can, may, must”。在英语里,我们习惯把can, may, must这些词称作情态动词。                                               

  一、什么叫情态动词。  从can,may到must的这些单词,在使用及意义上都一点程度的体现说话人的感情和语气。这些单词是不能单独用,只能和含一定意义的实义动词一起使用,从而构成谓语。   

 如      You may use your rules in your maths class.  (数学课里,你们可以使用尺子)。 

 I can help you with your housework,mum.(妈妈,我可以帮你做点家务)。        

 We mustn’t pick the flowers in the park. (在公园里我们不准采摘花朵)。          

二、情态动词的用法。   情态动词没有人称和数的变化,也就是说任何人称代词(he/she/it/you/they/I..),后面的动词都用原形,不用变化。                                                 

(1)can表示一个人的能力,是客观的可能性。意为“能,会(做某事),可以,可能”   

  如: I can do my homework myself.(我可以自己独立完成功课)                     

 can还能用来询问或请求一件事可以不可以做,常用于口语中。                      

 如: Can I help you?                                                       

(2)may一般表示“请求,许可,允许”的意思,用作征求别人同意之用。                

  如: —May I come in﹖                                                              —Come in please.                                                          

may可以用来表示“猜测,推测”。                                               

如:Miss Brown may be in the office. 布兰特小姐可能在办公室。           

(3)must表示义务,有“禁止的,必须,应该,应当,一定是,务必要” 的意思。          例如:You must speak more English in class.(你们在英语课应该多说英语)。     

三、情态动词的一般疑问句及否定句。                                             

(1)can 的一般疑问句,就是直接把can放在句子开头、大写,结尾问号“?”就OK         了。而否定句直接在can的后面加not? 可以写为cannot 或can't。                   例如:    

一般疑问句:Can I help you ?-- Yes, I’d like to buy a pair of shoes.          否定句:You can't stay here you can go home now.                          

(2)may的一般疑问句也是直接把may放在句子开头、大写,结尾问号?“?”,而否         定句也是在它后面加not? 可以写为may not ,但不能缩写mayn’t。            

(3)must的一般疑问句也是直接把must放在句子开头、大写,结尾问号?“?”,而         否定句也是在它后面加not? must not ,或mustn’t。                      

    四、巩固练习    

  好了,从上面的讲述,我想大家都对情态动词。can, may, must比较清晰可,现    在请大家把下面几个句子改为一般疑问句和否定句。

1)He can swim in the river.                                           

  一般疑问句_________________________________,否定句______________________  

 2) You may come to my office at five.                                      

 一般疑问句_________________________________,否定句______________________ 

3) Kate must clean the kitchen  after dinner.                              

一般疑问句_________________________________,否定句______________________

shenlu128 on 04月 15th, 2012

author: luzhidong

同学们,在三年级我们就接触一般疑问句、特殊疑问句,对这些句型的问与答都比较熟悉了,可是到了五年级上册Module 3 ,Unit 8我们碰到了这样的句子:“They look like cups, don’t they?”。 像这样的句式,我们通常叫做“反意疑问句”。不过,很多同学都疑惑,这是什么句子呢?好,现在由老师我给你讲解一下。                             

一、什么叫“反意疑问句”。  

 反意疑问句是由前面的陈述句/否定句和后面的附加疑问句组成。通常在两个句子间有一个逗号隔开,后面的附加疑问句有“?”。后面的附加疑问句是对前面的陈述句/否定句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实说话者所说的事实或观点作用。

 二、“反意疑问句”的句式。                                                     

(1)“肯定陈述+否定疑问”或“否定陈述+肯定疑问”                            如:Mr White is a teacher, isn’t he?  (怀特小姐是个老师,对吗?)     Mr White isn’t a teacher, is he?  (怀特小姐不是个老师,对吗?)

(2) 简略问句如果是否定式,not应与be(am/are/is),                         do/doesn’t, will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写。    

(3)简略问句的主语不用名词,应用人称代词he/she/it/you/they…     

  (4) 后面的附加疑问句通常起到加强语气时,一般是用降调↘(降)。             

   三、反意疑问句的回答。 反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定 的,就要用no。                       

如:Kate’s mother is a policewoman,    isn’t she?    (从右图来看,Kate’s 是个警薄雾浓云愁永昼察,所以回答就要Yes)          ---Yes, She is .   

   He likes playing football, doesn’t he?             他喜欢踢足球,不是吗?                                  (从右图来看,Tom喜欢玩的是篮球,所以回答就要No)                              ---No, he doesn’t. 不是。                                                   

 四、简短问句运用口则。  反意疑问句简短问句的运用,通常要跟前面的人称代词一致。                        

 (1)he/she/it is时,简短问句isn’t he/she/it ?                               

(2) I am时,简短问句则用 aren’t I    ?                                     

(3)they ‘re时,简短问句则用aren’t they?                                  

(4)有be(am/are is)就用 am/are is ,没be就用助动词do、does              

   五、巩固练习 :  用am are is do 的适当形式填写括号。                             

(1)Tom is an English, _______________he ?                                     

(2)The bluebells  grow in spring, _____________ they?                       

   (3)I am  an  American fireman ,_________________I ?                           

 (4) They aren’t Mr Brown and Mr White ,_____________ they?                    

 (5)  That isn’t a black dog   ,___________it ?                          

  答案:1 isn’t    2 don’t    3 aren’t    4 are   5 is

shenlu128 on 04月 15th, 2012

author: luzhidong

“Can I help you?”这个句子我们学习了有一段时间,这可是一个很有用的句子,它在不同的场针对不同的对象就有不同的意思。不过只要你上心想一想,它们的意思还是想通相近的。现在我列举几个场所的来讲解。               

一、In the shop(在商店)                                              

当你走进商店里,售货员会对你说“Can I help you?表示问你买不买什么东西的意思。                                                              

A:Can I help you?(你要买点什么? )                                  

B: Yes.I want a pair of shoes. /I want some apples. (我想买双鞋子/我想,买些苹果  )                                                      

二、In the reataurant(在餐馆)        

当你走进餐馆里,服务员会对你说“Can I help you?表示问你你想吃/喝点什么的意思?                                                              

A:Can I help you? (你想吃/喝点什么?)                              

B:A bottleof orange,please.  (我想要瓶橙汁  )                     

三、In the library(在图书馆)                                          

当你走进餐馆里,图书馆管理员会对你说“Can I help you?表示问你你你想 借什么书的意思?                                                      

A:Can I help you?(你想借什么书?  )                                

  B:I want to borrow a tape. (我想借盘录音带  )                       

四、In the hotel(在旅店)                                              

当你走进旅店里,旅店服务员会对你说“Can I help you?表示问你你你想你住店吗意思?                                                           

A:Can I help you?(你住旅/酒店吗?  )                                

 B:I want a singler(我想要个单人房  )                                   

同学们,看了上面的几个例子,“Can I help you?”是不是多用多意呢?其实“Can I help you?”还有很多意思很多场所都可以用的。只要你做个学习的有心人你就会发现它在更多的场所有更多的意思。好,现在你来做个小侦探,多看多想,写出你认为“Can I help you?”还可以用的场所以及含有的意思。

(1)________________________________________________________________

(2)________________________________________________________________

(3)________________________________________________________________

shenlu128 on 04月 15th, 2012

author: luzhidong

同学们,我们在Module2才刚刚学习完句型Can you…?的提问及回答,而在本课我们看到由Can you…?转化来的句型Can I …? 这两个句型使用上有着密切的联系,而Can you…?的学习对本课句型Can I …?的理解有很大的帮助,不过这两个句型在运用及意义上是有一点些微的区别.                                                             

 一)意义上的区别  :

1)Can you …?  用来询问别人(指第二、三人称)可以不可以,能不能做某件事,比较着重询问别人客观能力上的“能”与“不能”“行”与“不行。” ,是强调别人的能力(abilitiy)。      如: Can you talk with Kate in English(你可不可以用英语跟Kate 谈话?)。    

2)Can I   …?  用来询问我(第一人称)可不可以、行不行参与或做某事,多以征求被问者的同意(approval)与否,这句子常用于口语 中 。 如: Can I go with you?  (我可以和你们一起去吗?)

二)回答上的区别                                                              

 (1)Can you…? 着重强调对方的能力。所以回答时被问者多以客观能力的YES/NO来回答。

如: Can you talk with Kate in English(你可不可以用英语跟Kate 谈话?),被询问者的回答可以是                                                                   Yes,I can./No,I can’t.                                          

(2)Can I…?由于是用来询问别人自己能否/可否做某事,是征求被问者的同意(approval),被询问者的回答可以是                                                              

Yes,of course./No,please don’t.

同学们,经过噜噜老师的点津,你的疑惑解决了没有? 好,下面请你根据实际情况回答问题。记得回答先想清楚再答哦。                                             

1)Can you run faster than LiuXiang( 刘翔)                                 ____________________________________________________________                 

2) Can I go to the cimema(电影院) with you ?                                 

____________________________________________________________

shenlu128 on 04月 15th, 2012

author: luzhidong

January 1st is the New Year's Day,it represents the fresh start of a new year. New Year's Day is a truly global public holiday. In New Year's Day,this worldwide( 全世界的) holiday , people wish all the things worse are gone for good, and the new year begins with new,fresh promise. And the New Year's Day is a good chance to start again, to do it right at this time. Around the world, different countries,different cultures(文化) have their own traditions for welcoming the new year. In New York's Times Square(时代广场), in the USA,a fantastic moment is coming, 10...9...8... . 7...6...5...The lighted ball starts picking up speed(加快速度)It's almost time. 4...3...2... Everyone holds their breath for the last few seconds,almost most of the people here are about to jump at this second which separates the years. 1...0... Happy New Year! In Japan,the Japanese hang(悬挂) a rope(绳子) of straw(稻草, 麦杆) across the front of their houses to keep out evil(邪有暗香盈袖恶的) spirits and bring happiness and good luck. They also have a good laugh as the year begins to get things started on a lucky note. In India, people like to wear pink, red, purple and white flowers. Women favor yellow, the color of spring. Indians(印度人)also leave shrines(圣地, 神龛) next to their beds so they can see beautiful objects when they wake up to the new year. In Canada, Vancouver, Canadians enjoy the traditional polar bear swim. People of all ages don(穿上) their swim suits and take the plunge( 泳池深水区), an event that is sure to get you started in the new year with eyes wide open. In China ,people like the New Year's Day of the Chinese Lunar Calender (农历新年) –the Spring Festival much better.In China,the Spring Festival begins on the first day of the first month of the Chinese Calendar.Brfore the Spring Festival,everyone becomes busy.They clean their house,cook a lot of delicious food and go shopping for presents.On the eve(除夕)of the Chinese New Year,every family members goes back home to have family reunion( 团聚). Everyone stays home for a big dinner and welcomes the New Year with hopes and happiness.They watch the Spring Festival Party by CCTV and go to bed late. People in Guangzhou like to vist the Spring Festival Flower Fair. There are many kinds of flowers in the Spring Featival Flower Fair and people can buy flowers as they like.Of all the festivals,children like the Chinese Spring Featival most ,they have a long time holiday with no school ,no homework .They can get much lucky money from the older.With the money,they can buy books,toys,food and many other things. On New Year's Eve Chinese New Year, at the stroke of midnight, people are used to an elaborate (精心的, 精美的)fireworks display so as to celebrate the New Year,and a new,fresh promise . Best wishes to you and your loved ones for a happy and prosperous New Year!
Questions:
1) What is the date of the New Year's Day?
2) Where do the American people in New York backcount the time?
3) What do the Japan hang across the front of their houses?
4) What people enjoy the traditional polar bear swim?
5) What is the date of the Chinese New Year's Day?
6) Why do the Chinese people go back home to eat dinner on the eve(除夕)of the Chinese New Year?
7) What can the children get in the Chinese New Year?
8) Are there any Spring Festival Flower Fairs in Guangzhou?

答案:
1. January 1st
2. In New York's Times Square
3. A rope(绳子) of straw.
4. The Canadians.
5. On the first day of the first month of the Chinese Calendar.
6. They want to have family reunion.
7. Lucky money.
8. Yes ,there are.